產(chǎn)品的定價目標(biāo)采取的定價方法，酒店產(chǎn)品常用的定價方法
    為了實現(xiàn)酒店的定價目標(biāo)，就要相應(yīng)地采取適當(dāng)?shù)亩▋r方法，也就是說給本酒店的產(chǎn)品制定一個基本的價格，并且在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)整。酒店在定價時主要考慮自己產(chǎn)品的成本、市場上的供求情況以及競爭情況三方面因素。但是在不同的時期，不同的酒店產(chǎn)品對各個因素的側(cè)重點就有所不同，下面我們按照這三個因素來介紹酒店產(chǎn)品價格的確定方法。
（一）成本加成定價法
    成本加成定價法是按酒店產(chǎn)品的成本加上若干百分比的加成額進(jìn)行定價。
    產(chǎn)品價格=每件產(chǎn)品總成本*（1/加成率）
    例如：某酒店飲料原成本為10元，餐飲部制定的成本加成率為40%，那么，該種飲料的成本系數(shù)就是40%的倒數(shù)，等于2.5，因此，該種飲料最后的價格就是P=10*2.5=25元。
    成本加成定價法計算方便，在市場環(huán)境基本穩(wěn)定的前提下，酒店采用這中定價方法，可以保證其達(dá)到正常的利潤率。另外，如果整個酒店行業(yè)都采用這種定價的方法，各個酒店的成本和加成率就都比較接近，定出的價格也就相差不大，互相之間的價格競爭也就不會太激烈。
    但是，這種定價方法只考慮了成本的因素，而沒有分析酒店市場營銷的需求彈性與顧客的心理。因此，一般來說，無論是在長期還是短期內(nèi)，使用這種方法都不能使酒店獲得最長遠(yuǎn)的利益。
（二）千分之一法
    由于酒店業(yè)的固定資產(chǎn)很龐大，包括土地、建筑物、設(shè)備設(shè)施、家具以及用品等等，酒店的固定資產(chǎn)要占總投資比例的70%~80%。因此，越來越多的酒店的經(jīng)營者認(rèn)為，酒店的建筑造價與客房產(chǎn)品的售價有著直接的聯(lián)系，酒店業(yè)知道的一種以經(jīng)驗為基礎(chǔ)的定價法“千分之一法”就是以酒店的建筑的總投資額為基數(shù)，按照酒店總造價的千分之一來劃定酒店客房產(chǎn)品的平均價格。這種定價方法的目的就是要求一個合理的投資收益率，但是，因為它沒有考慮市場的變化和酒店經(jīng)營環(huán)境的變化，所以這只能作為酒店經(jīng)營定價的一個基點或參考。
（三）目標(biāo)收益定價法
    目標(biāo)收益定價法是酒店按照與其獲得的利潤量來確定自己酒店產(chǎn)品價格的一種方法，其產(chǎn)品的價格是由其身的目標(biāo)收益來確定的。酒店應(yīng)用這種方法的步驟基本如下：
   （1）確定酒店的目標(biāo)收益率。酒店的目標(biāo)收益率是由酒店的經(jīng)營者來決定的，在估計目標(biāo)收益的時候，酒店經(jīng)營者同時要考慮風(fēng)險的程度、機(jī)會成本以及競爭對手的投資收益率。
   （2）確定酒店的目標(biāo)利潤總額
    酒店的目標(biāo)利潤總額=酒店的投資總額*酒店的目標(biāo)收益率
   （3）預(yù)測自己酒店的銷售量或顧客的需求量。
   （4）計算產(chǎn)品的平均價格。
    單位產(chǎn)品的平均價格=（平均產(chǎn)品的總成本+目標(biāo)利潤總額）/預(yù)測的銷售量
    目標(biāo)收益定價法的優(yōu)點在于它同時考慮了投資消費(fèi)水平、收入、價格以及利潤等因素，可以保證實現(xiàn)既定的目標(biāo)報酬率。可是，該方法的顯著缺點就是要考慮價格與需求之間的關(guān)系，因此，酒店的營銷定價人員采用這種方法制定出來的價格，不可能保證銷售量的實現(xiàn)，尤其是需要彈性比較大的酒店產(chǎn)品，這個問題就變得更加突出。

Product pricing objectives to take pricing, hotel product pricing
    In order to achieve the pricing objectives of the hotel, we must accordingly take the appropriate pricing method, that is to develop a basic price of the product to the hotel, and make an appropriate adjustment on this basis. Hotel in the main consideration when pricing the cost of their products, the supply and demand on the market and competition factors. But at different times, different hotel product focus of each factor is different, here we follow these three factors to determine the method for the hotel product prices.
(A) cost-plus pricing
    Cost-plus pricing is priced hotel product cost plus a certain percentage of the bonus amount.
    Product price = each product the total cost * (1 / bonus rate)
    For example: a hotel beverages original cost of $ 10, food and beverage department to develop a cost-plus rate of 40%, the coefficient of the cost of the drink is the reciprocal of 40%, equal to 2.5, so the final price of the drinks is P = 10 * 2.5 = 25.
    Cost-plus pricing method convenient, the basic stability of the market environment, the hotel using this pricing method, can guarantee the normal profit margins. In addition, if the entire hotel industry have adopted this pricing method, the cost of each hotel and addition rates are relatively close to the price set less, the price competition between each other will not be too intense.
    However, this pricing method only consider the cost factor, but did not analyze the elasticity of demand in the market and customer psychology. Therefore, in general, whether in the long-term or short-term use of this approach makes the hotel the most long-term interests.
(B) one-thousandth France
    The fixed assets of the hotel industry is very large, including land, buildings, equipment, facilities, furniture and supplies, etc., the fixed assets of the hotel to the total investment proportion of 70% to 80%. A result, more and more hotel operators, hotel construction cost and the price of the room product is a direct link, the hotel industry know a pricing method based on the experience "one thousandth of the Law is to The architecture of the hotel's total investment amount of the base, according to one thousandth of the total construction cost of the hotel to designate the average price of hotel rooms. The purpose of this pricing method is to require a reasonable return on investment, however, because it does not take into account changes in the market and the hotel business environment changes, so this is only a basis point or reference pricing as hotel operators.
(C) of the target return pricing
    The target return pricing method is a way to the hotel in accordance with the amount of its profits to determine the price of their hotel, the prices of their products is determined by the body's target revenue. The steps of the hotel application of this method is basically as follows:
   (1) to determine the hotel's target rate of return. The hotel's target rate of return is determined by the hotel operator to estimate the target revenue, hotel operators should also consider the level of risk, opportunity cost, as well as competitors' investment yield.
   (2) to determine the total target profit of the hotel
    The hotel's target total profit = total investment of the hotel * hotel target rate of return
   (3) predict their hotel sales or customer demand.
   (4) Calculate the average price of the product.
    Average price per unit of product = (average total cost of the total + target profit) / forecast sales
    Target return pricing method is that it took into account the level of investment and consumption, income, prices, and profits and other factors, can guarantee to achieve the set target rate of return. However, this method has a significant drawback is to consider the relationship between price and demand, therefore, the hotel marketing pricing personnel using this method worked out in the price, can not guarantee the realization of sales, in particular the need for flexibility of a large hotel products, the problem becomes more prominent.